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2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)英语试题含解析
2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)英语试题含解析
高中
整体难度:偏难
2025-08-04
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一、完型填空 (共1题)
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1.

完形填空

When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her 1 , notably dryness and discomfort.

"I was simply 2 a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my 3 was affected. "

Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 4 problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 5 . " Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 6 she said. " But more and more are suffering and lives are being 7 .

Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, 8 at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 9 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 10 work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 11 for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 12 she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 13 .

"I'm trying to get more and more people to 14 that there are solutions (解决办法) said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 15 . "I say there is no old 16 , there's only neglect (忽视) . Don't stand 17 , do something about it. "

Ms. Burdeyney 18 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring 19 into people eyes and this is just the 20 . There is still a long way to go"

1 A throat B skin C lungs D eyes

2 A getting over B going through C holding on D passing down

3 A story B treatment C life D relationship

4 A similar B various C personal D special

5 A turn B peace C vain D silence

6 A unbearable B abnormal C insignificant D disturbing

7 A compromised B forgotten C substituted D separated

8 A course B program C paper D conference

9 A informed B doubted C included D dismissed

10 A part-time B controversial C voluntary D ground-breaking

11 A money B standards C awareness D questions

12 A As ever B So far C In return D Once again

13 A wasted B donated C expected D earned

14 A imagine B confirm C remember D understand

15 A retirement B childbirth C graduation D marriage

16 A time B rule C age D tale

17 A straight B still C firm D alone

18 A commented B learned C reminded D added

19 A light B joy C color D beauty

20 A future B beginning C truth D meaning

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【答案】

D ???2 B ???3 C ???4 A ???5 D ???6 C ???7 A ???8 B ???9 C ???10 D ???11 A ???12 B ???13 C ???14 D ???15 A ???16 C ???17 B ???18 D ???19 A ???20 B

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的 Burdeyney 女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻求解决方法的故事。

1 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:她开始有眼睛问题,明显的干涩和不适。 A. throat 喉咙; B. skin 皮肤; C. lungs 肺; D. eyes 眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子 “Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research” (最终 Burdeyney 女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划)可知,她有眼睛问题,故选 D 项。

2 .考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。 A. get over 克服; B. go through 经历; C. hold on 坚持; D. pass down 传递下去。根据语境可知,她遭受眼睛问题,这是一段糟糕的经历,故选 B 项。

3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我感到如此无助和不安,因为我的生活质量受到了影响。 A. story 故事; B. treatment 治疗,对待; C. life 生命,生活; D. relationship 关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦,生活质量自然会被影响,故选 C 项。

4 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意: Burdeyney 女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。 A. similar 相似的; B. various 多种多样的; C. personal 私人的; D. special 特别的。跟与自己有相同问题的人交谈并发现问题,符合语境逻辑,故选 A 项。

5 .考查介词短语词义辨析。句意: Burdeyney 女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。 A. in turn 轮流; B. in peace 和平地; C. in vain 徒劳地; D. in silence 默默地。根据后句 “Nobody chooses to talk about it” (没有人想谈论它)可知,他们很多人保持了沉默,故选 D 项。

6 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。 A. unbearable 无法忍受的; B. abnormal 不正常的; C. insignificant 无意义的; D. disturbing 扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很可能是因为无意义,其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑,故选 C 项。

7 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是越来越多的人在受苦,生命陷入危险。 A. compromise 使陷入危险、妥协; B. forget 遗忘; C. substitute 替代、代替; D. separate 分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦,这属于健康问题,威胁生命,故选 A 项。

8 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终 Burdeyney 女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划,这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的一个项目。 A. course 课程; B. program 项目; C. paper 纸、论文; D. conference 会议。一项研究通常也被称为一个项目,故选 B 项。

9 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic ,其他已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。 A. inform 通知; B. doubt 怀疑; C. include 包括; D. dismiss 解散。根据语境可知,这位专家在这个团队中,故选 C 项。

10 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slomovic ,其他已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。 A. part-time 兼职的; B. controversial 有争议的; C. voluntary 自愿的; D. ground-breaking 开创性的。根据后句 “Seeing a ray od hope” (看到了一丝希望)可知,他是带来希望的人,是最先做的,他的工作具有开创性,故选 D 项。

11 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:看到了一丝希望, Burdeyney 女士开始和朋友多伦多商人 Meryer 一起为这个项目筹集资金。 A. money 钱; B. standards 标准; C. awareness 意识; D. questions 问题。根据后文他们筹集了 111000 美金可知此处指 筹集资金 ,故选 A 项。

12 .考查短语词义辨析。句意:截至目前,他们已经筹集了 111000 美金,有望再增加 4000 美金。 A. as ever 依旧、和往常一样; B. so far 目前; C. in return 作为回报; D. once again 再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态,应选择 so far ,他们已经筹集了 111000 美金,故选 B 项。

13 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:截至目前,他们已经筹集了 111000 美金,有望再增加 4000 美金。 A. waste 浪费; B. donate 捐赠; C. expect 期待、预期; D. earn 赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱,预期未来还有部分金额,故选 C 项。

14 .考查动词词义辨析。句意: Burdeyney 说, 我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法 A. imagine 想象; B. confirm 确认; C. remember 记得; D. understand 理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望,所以要让他们理解办法是有的,故选 D 项。

15 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。 A. retirement 退休; B. childbirth 出生; C. graduation 毕业; D. marriage 婚姻。根据 still work 可知,她本可以不工作了可知,她已经退休了,故选 A 项。

16 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我认为没有老的年纪,只有忽视。 A. time 时间; B. rule 规则; C. age 年龄; D. tale 传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题,故选 C 项。

17 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:不要呆着保持不动,做点什么事情。 A. straight 直的; B. still 静止的; C. firm 坚定的; D. alone 单独。此处的 stand 意为 处于某种状态 后跟形容词作表语,呼吁人们采取行动,不要什么都不做,故选 B 项。

18 .考查动词词义辨析。句意: Burdeyney 补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。 A. comment 评论; B. learn 学习; C. remind 提醒; D. add 补充说。前句为她说的话,后面又继续说,即为补充说,故选 D 项。

19 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明,这只是一个开始。 A. light 光明; B. joy 乐趣; C. color 颜色; D. beauty 美。根据常识,眼睛是人们识别光的器官,此处一语双关,指看到的光,也指希望,故选 A 项。

20 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明,这只是一个开始。 A. future 未来; B. beginning 开始; C. truth 事实; D. meaning 意义。根据后句 “There is still a long way to go” (根据后句还有很长的路要走。)可知,只是开始,故选 B 项。

【点睛】

二、阅读理解 (共4题)
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1.

阅读理解

For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis( 危机 )in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate ( 房地产 )firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.

Merebeth’s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust . It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.

This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.

It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn’t work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, “When I am on the road, I’m just in my own world. I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals.”

21 Why did Merebeth changed her job?

A She wanted to work near her home.

B She was tired of working in the office.

C Her sister asked her to move to Denver.

D Her former employer was out of business.

22 The word “wanderlust” in paragraph 2 means a desire to _________?

A make money. B try various jobs.

C be close to nature. D travel to different places.

23 What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?

A She has chances to see rare animals.

B She works hard throughout the year.

C She relies on herself the whole time.

D She earns a basic and tax-free salary.

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知识点:过去将来时及其被动式
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【答案】

D ???22 D ???23 C

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述 Merebeth 从事的新工作。近十年来,她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。

21 .推理判断题。根据第一段中 “The downturn hit the real estate (房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. (她曾在一家房地产公司做了 10 年的办公室经理,经济低迷打击了这家公司。 公司破产了,她只好另寻新工作) ,可知, Merebeth 之所以换工作,是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选 D

22 .词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. (她自豪地说,除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州,她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方,她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。 她风雨无阻地旅行) ,可知,划线词的意思是 渴望去不同的地方旅行 。故选 D

23 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals. (当我在路上的时候,我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直很独立,我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物) ,可知, Merebeth 在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选 C

【点睛】

2.

The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity. By providing long-distance communication and energy, electricity created the modem world. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.

"It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions." writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers, Steam, Electricity , and the Men Invented Modern America . Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively that at times it reads like a novel.

The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world". Klein writes, "America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its passwords they put it to more uses than anyone else. "

Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a voice. Edison perfected an incandescent bulls that brought electric light into the American home.

Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which he showed in New York City. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.

To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.

24 What is Klein's understanding of the age of electricity?

A It is closely linked to the steam age.

B It began earlier than proper thought.

C It is a little-studied period of history.

D It will come to an end sooner or later.

25 What can be inferred about Ned?

A He was born in New York City. B He wrote many increasing stories,

C He created an electricity company. D He lived mainly in the 19th century.

26 What is the text?

A A biography. B A book review. C A short story. D A science report.

难度:
知识点:科普知识与现代技术
使用次数:185
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【答案】

A ???25 D ???26 B

【分析】本文是说明文。文章按照时间顺序讲述了蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系。

24 .推理判断题。根据第二段 “It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions.” (我很好奇,竟然没有人把蒸汽和电力革命的历史放在一起。)可知,在 Klein 看来,电力时代和蒸汽时代是有很紧密的联系的。故选 A

25 .推理判断题。根据最后一段 “To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime.” (为了编织他的故事, Klein 创造了一个人物 Ned ,它是对美国蒸汽和电力革命在一个人的整个人生中的进程的神奇的见证。)和第四段 “Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity.” (同时,在 19 世纪,电力从好奇变成了根需。)可知, Ned 见证了蒸汽时代和电力革命,所以他应该是生活在 19 世纪。故选 D

26 .推理判断题。根据最后一段 “To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.” (为了构建他的故事,克莱因创造了奈德这个角色,一个虚构的人物,在一个人的一生中见证了蒸汽和电力革命给美国带来的进步。这是一种有助于将长篇故事变得有趣的技巧。)可知,这篇文章是一篇书评。故选 B

【点睛】

3.

The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak (最大值的) cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

27 What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

A Positive effects of doing exercises.

B Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

C Experimental studies on diseases.

D Advantages of sporty woman over man

28 Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?

A To predict their maximum heart rate.

B To assess their cardiovascular capacity

C To change their habits of working out

D To detect their potential health problems

29 What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

A It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

B Data collection was a lengthy process.

C Some participants withdrew from it.

D The results were far from satisfactory.

30 Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

B Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

C Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

D Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

难度:
知识点:体育
使用次数:118
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【答案】

A ???28 B ???29 B ???30 C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了经常锻炼的中年女性在老年时罹患失智症的几率会大大降低。

27 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia (失智症) in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.” (新的研究人员发现,身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近 90% ,而且确实如此,与不太喜欢运动的女性相比,她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。)可知,第一段提到了健身锻炼的好处。故选 A 项。

28 .细节理解题。根据上文 “These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.” (这些发现令人兴奋,因为在中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。)以及本段 “For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.” (在这项研究中, 191 名平均年龄为 50 岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试,直到她们精疲力竭,以测量她们的心血管峰值能力。)可知,做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血管峰值能力。故选 B 项。

29 .细节理解题。根据文章第五段 “These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades.” (这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次失智症状况。)可知,此次实验的数据收集是一个长期的过程。故选 B 项。

30 .推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia (失智症) in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.” (新的研究人员发现,身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近 90% ,而且确实如此,与不太喜欢运动的女性相比,她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。)以及文章后面几段通过列举实验目的、过程、方式、结果等,说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大降低。故选 C 项。

【点睛】

4.

七选五

I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 31

Pick the most important.

32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.

Combine your activities.

Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career ( 职业 ) around the people and activities you love.

34

You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.

Lighten up.

The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining ( 改进 ) toward a happy productive existence. 35 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.

A Speed up.

B Be an active learner.

C Stop trying to balance time between them all.

D Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.

E The things you do well usually give you greater joy.

F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.

G This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.

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【答案】

F ???32 D ???33 C ???34 B ???35 G

【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。

31 .上文 “I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样,每天都有 24 小时,但我做了具体的选择,让我充分利用每一天,仍然感到快乐和放松 )” 说明作者做出选择,充分利用每一天,但仍旧感到快乐和轻松,根据下文段落小标题可知,下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议,因此空格处应是承上启下, F 项中的 “help you make the most of your time” 与上文 “to make the most of every day” 一致, “tips” 引出下文的建议,因此 F 也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间 符合语境,承上启下。故选 F

32 .根据段落标题 Pick the most important. 可知,本段建议挑选最重要的,下文 “Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上 )” 说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做, D 项中的 “what is meaningful in your life” 与标题中的 the most important 一致,下文是对 “Make choices” 具体解释。因此推断 D 选择你生活中有意义的东西 符合语境。故选 D

33 .上文 “Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友,家庭,工作,娱乐等方面度过时间 )” 说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间,下文 “Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们 )” 说明可以把事情组合在一起享受,因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系,说明不要试图均衡时间, C 不要试图在它们之间平衡时间 符合语境。故选 C

34 .空格处为段落小标题。根据下文 “You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. ( 你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间,但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间,为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法 )” 可推断,本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间,但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情,因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断 B 做有效的学习者 为段落标题,故选 B

35 .下文 “Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利,累积起来就是一个大的胜利 )” 说明事情要一件一件去做, G 项中的 “making lists” 与之呼应,因此推断 G 这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因 符合语境, this 指代上文 “The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining ( 改进 ) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下,世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步,不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在 )” 解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选 G

【点睛】

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